P.G. Entrance Examination Syllabus in Zoology 2013
Unit I: General notes and
classification of the phyla Protozoa, Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, Nematehelminthes upto
classes with examples. Functional morphology of Plasmodium, Entamoeba, Leishmania, Giardia
lamblia, Trypanosoma, Fasciola hepatica, Taenia saginata, Wucheraria bancrofti,
Schistosoma, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichinella spiralis , Ancylostoma duodenale, with
special emphasis on the adaptations to their mode of life and environment.
Unit 2: General characters and
classification of the phylum Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Minor Non-Coelomate phyla
(Endoprocta, Rotifera, Nematophora, Acanthocephala)
and Minor Coelomate phyla (Chaetognatha, Pogonophora, Lophophora, Phoronida, Brachiopoda, Ectoprocta) upto
classes with examples.
Unit 3: General notes and
classification of Protochordates- Cephalochordate and Urochordate; Fishes and Amphibians upto orders with
examples emphasizing their biodiversity, Economic importance and conservation measures.
Unit 4: General notes and
classification of Reptiles, Birds and Mammals upto orders with Examples emphasizing their biodiversity,
economic importance and conservation measures; Phylogeny of horse, Dentition in Mammals.
Unit 5: Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic cells. Cellular organelles including Peroxisomes and Glyoxysomes; Cytoskeleton- Microfilaments,
Intermediate filaments and Microtubules; Cellular membranes- composition and structure;
Cell recognition and Adhesion; Membrane transport-
Active and Passive; Endocytosis and Exocytosis; Cellular energy transactions- role of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts; Cell
signaling and communication: Signals, Receptors,
Signal transduction, Direct intercellular communication; Cell differentiation: Characteristics, types, mechanism and control.
Unit 6: Mendel’s Experiments
and the laws of inheritance, Alleles and their interactions, Gene Interactions; Sex determination and Sex linked
inheritance; DNA the genetic material, Mechanism
and Practical application of DNA, Replication, Proofreading and Repair, Translation: RNA-directed polypeptide
synthesis, Regulation of Translation, Post translational Events.
Unit 7: Mutations-Point
Mutations, Chromosomal Mutations, Spontaneous and Induced Mutations; Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Genomes,
Transcriptional and Post Transcriptional regulation of Gene Expression; Human Genetics-Genetic
disorders- Single gene disorders, Multifactorial Disorders and Chromosomal Disorders, Genetic
Councelling, Gene Therapy, Eugenics; Cloning-
Molecular, Reproductive and Therapeutic.
Unit
8: Immune System: innate and Adaptive Immune system, Antigens and Antibodies
reactions,
Mechanism
of Antibody Mediated Immunity. Major Histo-compatibility Complex (MHC) Microbial cultures- Culture Techniques and
Management; Bacterial cell- Sctructure Growth, Genetics and Pathogenesis; Virus: Structure, Replication,
Genetics & Gene therapy, Pathogenesis.
Unit 9: Glycogenesis-
Physiological role of Glycogen, Glycogenolysis, Glycolysis, Oxidation of Pyruvic acid to Acetyl Coenzyme A, Citric Acid
Cycle, Pentose Phosphate pathway, Uronic
Acid Pathway, Glyconeogenesis, Dicarboxylic Acid shuttle, Glyoxylic Acid Pathway; Oxidation of Triacylglycerol- Beta
Oxidation of fatty Acids, Metabolism of
Glycerol, The Ketone bodies- formation, utilization, Ketosis, Ketoacidosis;
synthesis of fatty acids.
Unit 10: Biosynthesis and
Degradation of Amino Acids, Ornithine Cycle, Fat and Water soluble Vitamins; Enzyme action, Factors affecting
Enzyme activity, Kinetics, Enzyme inhibition, Allosteric Enzyme, Coenzymes, Isoenzymes.
Unit 11: Major products of Digestion,
Absorption, Defecation; Cutaneous respiration, Gills and Lung, Air Sacs, Dissociation Curve of
Oxy-haemoglobin, Respiratory pigments, Chloride Shift; Evolution of heart, Blood groups-ABO
system, Rhesus system, Clotting of blood- Mechanism factors affecting clotting and
Natural inhibitors; Kidney structure and function, Ammonotelic, Uricotellic and Uriotelic
animals. Excreting Nitrogenous wastes- Ammonia, Urea, Uric Acid; Chemoreceptors,
Mechanoreceptors, Photoreceptors, Nervous system.
Unit 12: Gametogenesis and
Fertilization; Cleavage, Blastulation and Gastrulation; Differentiation and growth; Embryonic induction and
Organizers:- Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternery organizers; Regeneration- Types,
Mechanism and physiological process involved
and factors affecting regeneration; Hormones: Types of Hormones and their actions Hormonal control of Testicular and
Ovarian Functions.
Unit 13: Cultiviable Fish
species, Composite fish Culture; induced breeding techniques in fishes; Sericulture- Types of silk and kinds of silk
worms, Rearing techniques and diseases affecting
Sericulture and their management; Bee keeping methods, Diseases and tools For Bee keeping; Lac Culture: Types of Lac,
life cycle of Lac insect, Harvesting and Extraction of Lac, uses and Enemies of Lac.
Unit 14: Ecosystem: Components,
food chains and food webs; Population size, growth, limiting Factors, Carrying capacity, Natality,
Mortality; Water Pollution causes, effects and Management; Animal behaviour- Biological
Rhythm, Orientation and Navigation; Evidences
and Theories of Organic Evolution; Species and their formation.
Unit 15: Important Sanctuaries
and National Parks of India, Endengered wild life species; Species Extinction due to Habitat Loss; Introduction
of Predators, Competitors and Pathogens; Over-exploitation; Rapid Climatic change;
Habitat Restoration and Species recovery by Captive propogation; Wildlife of Jammu and
Kashmir- Mammals and Birds (Pheasant and Waterfowl).